View source for Kinase Family PKC

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[[kinase classification|Kinase Classification]]: [[Kinase_Group_AGC|Group AGC]]: [[Kinase_Family_PKC|Family PKC]]

The Protein Kinase C family are second messengers activated by calcium, lipids and di-acyl glycerol (DAG). Four major subfamilies are found throughout animals, with different accessory domains, activators, and functions.

====[[Kinase_Subfamily_PKCa|Subfamily PKCa]]====
'Classical' PKCs, activated by Ca2+, DAG and lipids, represented in human by PKC alpha, beta and gamma (PKCα, PKCβ, PKCγ) forms.
PKCa members have twin DAG-binding C1 domains, followed by a C2 Ca/phospholipid-binding domain and a kinase domain.

====[[Kinase_Subfamily_PKCd|Subfamily PKCd]]====
'Novel' PKCs that are Ca2+-independent, including human PKC delta and theta (PKCd/δ, PKCt/θ)
Have a specialized C2 domain first, followed by twin C1 domains and then the kinase domain.

====[[Kinase_Subfamily_PKCh|Subfamily PKCh]]====
Another subfamily of 'novel' PKCs, including human PKC epsilon (PKCe/ε) and eta (PKCh/η)
Like PKCd, PKCh have a specialized C2 domain first, followed by twin C1 domains and then the kinase domain.

====[[Kinase_Subfamily_PKCi|Subfamily PKCi]]====
These are the atypical PKCs activated by phosphatidyl serine, with human members iota and zeta (PKCi/ι, PKCz/ζ).

====[[Kinase_Subfamily_PKC-fun|Subfamily PKC-fun]]====
Fungi typically have a single PKC homolog, with distinct functions and domain structure: triple HR1 domains followed by C2, then kinase domains. The HR1 domains bind the small GTPase Rho, downstream of cell wall stress receptors, and cause activation of a divergent MAPK cascade.




[[User:Gerard|Gerard]] 01:45, 12 April 2018 (UTC)