Kinase Subfamily ChoK
Kinase Classification: Group PKL: Family CAK: Subfamily ChoK
Choline Kinases phosphorylate choline and ethanolamine as part of the biosynthesis of the membrane phospholipids phosphatidylcholine, and phosphatidylethanolamine.
Evolution
ChoK is found in in most eukaryotes and some bacteria. Distinct choline and ethanolamine kinase genes are seen in most organisms, and vertebrates have two of each: choline kinases CHKA and CHKB, and ethanolamine kinases ETNK1 and ETNK2
Domain Structure
ChoK have a PKL catalytic domain and lack other identified domains.
Functions
Choline Kinases phosphorylate choline and ethanolamine as part of the biosynthesis of membrane lipids. ChoK has been implicated as a cancer driver and potential target [1, 2], possibly through a non-catalytic function [3]. ENTK1 mutations are seen in a variety of leukemias [4]
References
- Ramírez de Molina A, Rodríguez-González A, Gutiérrez R, Martínez-Piñeiro L, Sánchez J, Bonilla F, Rosell R, and Lacal J. Overexpression of choline kinase is a frequent feature in human tumor-derived cell lines and in lung, prostate, and colorectal human cancers. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2002 Aug 23;296(3):580-3. DOI:10.1016/s0006-291x(02)00920-8 |
- Arlauckas SP, Popov AV, and Delikatny EJ. Choline kinase alpha-Putting the ChoK-hold on tumor metabolism. Prog Lipid Res. 2016 Jul;63:28-40. DOI:10.1016/j.plipres.2016.03.005 |
- Asim M, Massie CE, Orafidiya F, Pértega-Gomes N, Warren AY, Esmaeili M, Selth LA, Zecchini HI, Luko K, Qureshi A, Baridi A, Menon S, Madhu B, Escriu C, Lyons S, Vowler SL, Zecchini VR, Shaw G, Hessenkemper W, Russell R, Mohammed H, Stefanos N, Lynch AG, Grigorenko E, D'Santos C, Taylor C, Lamb A, Sriranjan R, Yang J, Stark R, Dehm SM, Rennie PS, Carroll JS, Griffiths JR, Tavaré S, Mills IG, McEwan IJ, Baniahmad A, Tilley WD, and Neal DE. Choline Kinase Alpha as an Androgen Receptor Chaperone and Prostate Cancer Therapeutic Target. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2016 May;108(5). DOI:10.1093/jnci/djv371 |
- Gambacorti-Passerini CB, Donadoni C, Parmiani A, Pirola A, Redaelli S, Signore G, Piazza V, Malcovati L, Fontana D, Spinelli R, Magistroni V, Gaipa G, Peronaci M, Morotti A, Panuzzo C, Saglio G, Usala E, Kim DW, Rea D, Zervakis K, Viniou N, Symeonidis A, Becker H, Boultwood J, Campiotti L, Carrabba M, Elli E, Bignell GR, Papaemmanuil E, Campbell PJ, Cazzola M, and Piazza R. Recurrent ETNK1 mutations in atypical chronic myeloid leukemia. Blood. 2015 Jan 15;125(3):499-503. DOI:10.1182/blood-2014-06-579466 |
- Chen J, Cui X, Shi C, Chen L, Yang L, Pang L, Zhang J, Guo X, Wang J, and Ji C. Differential lncRNA expression profiles in brown and white adipose tissues. Mol Genet Genomics. 2015 Apr;290(2):699-707. DOI:10.1007/s00438-014-0954-x |
