Difference between revisions of "Kinase classification"
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Protein Kinases have a wide variety of functions and can be classified by function and by the sequence similarity. We use a hierarchical system of classifying kinases into groups, which consist of multiple families, which sometimes have several subfamilies. Here we outline the 10 groups of protein kinases | Protein Kinases have a wide variety of functions and can be classified by function and by the sequence similarity. We use a hierarchical system of classifying kinases into groups, which consist of multiple families, which sometimes have several subfamilies. Here we outline the 10 groups of protein kinases | ||
| − | [[Tyrosine Kinase (TK)]] | + | ===[[Kinase_Group_AGC|AGC]]=== |
| + | Named after the Protein Kinase A, G, and C families (PKA, PKC, PKG), this group contains many core intracellular signaling kinases which are modulated by cyclic nucleotides, phospholipids and calcium. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===[[Kinase_Group_CMGC|CMGC]]=== | ||
| + | Named after another set of families (CDK, MAPK, GSK3 and CLK), this group has a diversity of functions in cell cycle control, MAPK signaling, splicing and other unknown functions. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===[[Kinase_Group_CAMK|CAMK]]=== | ||
| + | Best known for the Calmodulin/Calcium regulated kinases (CAMK) in CAMK1 and CAMK2 families, this also has several families of non-calcium regulated kinases. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===[[Kinase_Group_CK1|CK1]]=== | ||
| + | A small but ancient family. Originally known as Casein Kinase 1 (from a biochemically assay with a non-physiological substrate), and now re-named to Cell Kinase 1. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===[[Kinase_Group_Other|Other]]=== | ||
| + | This group consists of several families, and some unique kinases that are clearly ePKs but do not fit into the other ePK groups. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===[[Kinase_Group_STE|STE]]=== | ||
| + | Homologs of the yeast STE7, STE11 and STE20 genes, which form the MAPK cascade, transducing signals from the surface of the cell to the nucleus. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===[[Kinase_Group_TK|Tyrosine Kinase (TK)]]=== | ||
This group phosphorylates almost exclusively on tyrosine residues, as opposed to most other kinases that are selective for serine or threonine | This group phosphorylates almost exclusively on tyrosine residues, as opposed to most other kinases that are selective for serine or threonine | ||
| − | [[Tyrosine Kinase-Like (TKL)]] | + | ===[[Kinase_Group_TKL|Tyrosine Kinase-Like (TKL)]]=== |
| − | The group most similar to tyrosine kinases, but whose activities are generally on serine/ | + | The group most similar to tyrosine kinases, but whose activities are generally on serine/threonine substrates. |
| − | [[ | + | ===[[Kinase_Group_RGC|RGC]]=== |
| − | + | Receptor Guanylate Cyclases. This small group contains an active guanylate cyclase domain, which generates the cGMP second messenger, and a catalytically inactive kinase domain, which appears to have a regulatory function. | |
| − | [[ | + | ===[[Kinase_Group_Atypical|Atypical]]=== |
| − | + | Diverse group of kinases with little or no sequence similarity to ePKs. Several families have structural similarity to the ePK domain, and others have completely distinct, or undiscovered structures. | |
Revision as of 20:14, 22 December 2005
Protein Kinases have a wide variety of functions and can be classified by function and by the sequence similarity. We use a hierarchical system of classifying kinases into groups, which consist of multiple families, which sometimes have several subfamilies. Here we outline the 10 groups of protein kinases
Contents
AGC
Named after the Protein Kinase A, G, and C families (PKA, PKC, PKG), this group contains many core intracellular signaling kinases which are modulated by cyclic nucleotides, phospholipids and calcium.
CMGC
Named after another set of families (CDK, MAPK, GSK3 and CLK), this group has a diversity of functions in cell cycle control, MAPK signaling, splicing and other unknown functions.
CAMK
Best known for the Calmodulin/Calcium regulated kinases (CAMK) in CAMK1 and CAMK2 families, this also has several families of non-calcium regulated kinases.
CK1
A small but ancient family. Originally known as Casein Kinase 1 (from a biochemically assay with a non-physiological substrate), and now re-named to Cell Kinase 1.
Other
This group consists of several families, and some unique kinases that are clearly ePKs but do not fit into the other ePK groups.
STE
Homologs of the yeast STE7, STE11 and STE20 genes, which form the MAPK cascade, transducing signals from the surface of the cell to the nucleus.
Tyrosine Kinase (TK)
This group phosphorylates almost exclusively on tyrosine residues, as opposed to most other kinases that are selective for serine or threonine
Tyrosine Kinase-Like (TKL)
The group most similar to tyrosine kinases, but whose activities are generally on serine/threonine substrates.
RGC
Receptor Guanylate Cyclases. This small group contains an active guanylate cyclase domain, which generates the cGMP second messenger, and a catalytically inactive kinase domain, which appears to have a regulatory function.
Atypical
Diverse group of kinases with little or no sequence similarity to ePKs. Several families have structural similarity to the ePK domain, and others have completely distinct, or undiscovered structures.
